feat: funciones Python infra y tipos Python (core, datascience, infra)

Infra: cache_to_file, cache_to_sqlite, http_download_file, http_get_json,
http_post_json, read_file_with_encoding, safe_extract_zip, scan_directory,
setup_logger, normalize_zip_filenames.
Tipos: 30+ tipos core (agent_action, context, task, message, parse_result...),
6 tipos datascience (entity_candidate, extraction_result...), 2 tipos infra.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

python/functions/infra/http_post_json.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+"""POST request JSON — HTTP client sin dependencias externas."""
+
+import json
+import urllib.error
+import urllib.request
+
+
+def http_post_json(
+    url: str,
+    body: dict,
+    headers: dict[str, str] | None = None,
+    timeout: float = 30.0,
+) -> dict:
+    """Realiza un POST request con body JSON y parsea la respuesta como JSON.
+
+    Agrega automaticamente ``Content-Type: application/json`` y
+    ``Accept: application/json``. Si el status es >= 400 lanza RuntimeError
+    con status code, url y los primeros 200 caracteres del body.
+
+    Args:
+        url: URL del endpoint.
+        body: Datos a serializar como JSON en el cuerpo del request.
+        headers: Headers HTTP adicionales. Se fusionan con los defaults.
+        timeout: Segundos maximo de espera (default 30).
+
+    Returns:
+        Respuesta parseada como dict o list.
+
+    Raises:
+        RuntimeError: Si status >= 400 o si el body de respuesta no es JSON valido.
+    """
+    all_headers: dict[str, str] = {
+        "Content-Type": "application/json",
+        "Accept": "application/json",
+    }
+    if headers:
+        all_headers.update(headers)
+
+    data = json.dumps(body, ensure_ascii=False).encode("utf-8")
+    req = urllib.request.Request(url, data=data, headers=all_headers, method="POST")
+
+    try:
+        with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=timeout) as resp:
+            raw = resp.read()
+    except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
+        body_preview = e.read(200).decode("utf-8", errors="replace")
+        short_url = url[:100] if len(url) > 100 else url
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            f"http_post_json: HTTP {e.code} at {short_url!r} — {body_preview}"
+        ) from e
+
+    try:
+        return json.loads(raw)
+    except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
+        preview = raw[:200].decode("utf-8", errors="replace")
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            f"http_post_json: response is not valid JSON — {preview}"
+        ) from e